Introduction

The idea behind the Argentina Tourist Guide is that it should be a practical manual that helps the traveller on his journeys through our country, and with this in mind, it is a professional guidebook that has been produced as carefully as possible.
Our research and production work has basically been focussed on providing objective help which will above all be of great use to you on your travels around Argentina.
If our aim of providing through Argentina Tourist Guide an overall view of the history, culture, character and attractions of this beautiful country meets your expectations, then we will feel proud of having achieved what we set out to do.
Have a good trip!

Argentina
The name of the diverse

A poet was responsible for the name “Argentina”. At least, he it was who left the first documented evidence of the name in a long and now-forgotten poem entitled “Argentina and the Conquest of the River Plate”. Martín del Barco Centenera was is name, and he had arrived in the country in 1574. On is return to Spain, he felt the need to write down what he had seen. The adjectives he uses are “Argentino Reyno” and “Río Argentino”, referring to the country and the river as “silvery”, since like all his contemporaries he was convinced that he had been in the land of silver. Looking back on the history of Argentina, it does not seem mere chance that the country should owe its name to a literary work. Fiction and reality were intertwined in Martín del Barco Centenera’s poem, just as they would be intertwined throughout the country’s history. And it is from this mixture that there has arisen a literature which has been abundant in names that have become famous throughout the Spanish-speaking world. Since the dawn of independence there have been poets to accompany the exploits. And from that moment onwards, it can be said that each stage in the life of the country has had its literary representation. It is not surprising, therefore, that the names of its politicians and statesmen swelled the ranks of great writers during the 19th century.
Sarmiento, that majestic political figure, was also the most important essayist of is time, and this Facundo is still today a work without equal in contemporary Argentinian literature.
Jorge Luis Borges, Julio Cortazar, Leopoldo Marechal, Adolfo Bioy Casares, Ernesto Sábato, Ezequiel Martínez Estrada, Roberto Arlt, Macedonio Fernández, Juan Gelman and Juan José Saer are but a few of the writers and poets that the country has produced this century. All of them with concems that transcend the strictly literary, cash one in his own way trying to contribute something towards explaining that national obsession, understanding what we Argentinians are really like. A country built up as a result of successive waves of immigrants from almost all the comers of the world, and which covers such a vast expanse of land, cannot but be complex and difficult to describe.
The first thing that must be said is that today there is no such thing as a typical Argentinian. Put someone from Jujuy with a person from Buenos Aires, for example, and you would get the feeling that they did not come from the same country. And there is a lot of truth in this, because the development of different influences regions was the result of very different influences and experiences. However, there are certain feeling of belonging, certain passions and tastes, that to a greater or lesser degree extend throughout the country.
Like football, for example, from La Quiaca to Tierra del Fuego the whole country can be paralysed if the national team is playing one of those matches that are a matter of life or death. There is nothing more democratic than the passion for football, and the local field –that piece of wasteland converted into the neighbourhood football stadium- has been the school that as produced the greatest players of all time.
And precisely because football is football, so Sunday is the day for it. You don’t even need to go to the ground, because Sunday afternoons have a special atmosphere about them, totally dominated by comments about the matches, and however indifferent you might be, at some time or other somebody will go into very great detail with you about the result, even if you have not asked him to.
Bochini, Gatti, Maradona, and Kempes are not only the names of some of the most admired footballers, but have become almost like family names to Argentinians, as if those players were our own brother or closest friend. And that is why everybody feels obliged to comment on their lives. True fencers with words, we Argentinians engage passionately in a sort of national sport, which is indulging in controversy. We feel we have a right to express an opinion about everything that exist and even about things that do not exist, an if we do not have much information about the subject then that does not matter much either because we will soon find an argument, we will make a good deduction. The important thin is to argue, but most important of all is to win the argument, to knock out the opponent of the moment. On hay street comer in any city groups of people might gather to argue fiercely. The subjects could be extremely trivial or highly important. And it is better if the argument takes place in the street, because then there is a guarantee that it will end at some point.
In a bar, with a cup of coffee or “a glass of something” to help things along, the discussion can be never-ending in the full sense of the word: it may continue over various sessions, and of course everyone will join in, from the waiters to the head barman. This is like a second home: here romantic relationships are formed and broken, business deals are clinched, family events are celebrated, the names to be given to children are agreed upon, details of the private life of the public celebrity of the moment are argued about, people reflect on life and death –or simply read the newspaper.
Although this feature is particularly notable in the major cities like Buenos Aires or Rosario, it is nevertheless a widespread custom throughout the country. No provincial city is without its string of bars along the main street or around the square, no village, no matter how tiny, cannot boast that it has its own bar, called simply a “boliche”.
A mixture of moralists and philosophers who are always inclined to give our own explanations of things, we will say “it’s the `Galicians´ fault”, or “the `Neapolitans. It is important to point out that in Argentina all Spaniards are `Galicians´ and all Italians `Neapolitans´, just as anyone with oriental features is “Ponja” (Jap) even if he was born in Vietnam; North Americans are all “Gringos”, a nickname which is shared with Europeans from the same latitudes, while “Turks” applies to absolutely anybody of Arabic origin. These generalizations are far from being pejorative; rather, they are a sign of affection. For some strange reason, to call a Basque or someone from Andalicía “Galician” is almost a declaration of friendship, it is to recognize him as one of our own.
Although we are very fond of coffee, The Brew –like that, in capitals- is “mate”. It is true that this is not exclusive to Argentina; Paraguayans and Uruguayans share our addiction to this beverage that we can drink anywhere and at any time of day. Obviously, the tree nations will always argue over the origins of mate, but for Argentinians it is as important to claim sovereignty over the Malvinas Islands from Britain.
Although these days the green wave is spreading all over the world and is even trying to gain a foothold in Argentina, nobody can resist a good piece of meat. We really love eating red meat, and are proud of the fact that we can prepare it in countless different ways. Although food in general is comparatively much more expensive than it was twenty years ago, meat is still one of the most easily obtainable foods, and one that goes a long way, too. Throughout the length and breadth of the country restaurants can be found that offer wonderful grilled meat –“parrillada” if all the entrails are included- and “bife de chorizo”, the other great national dish.
But Argentinian food does not come to an end with the meat of the cow. If anything has remained from that tremendous merging of different peoples, it is the love of variety in dishes of different origins, to which must be added an infinite number of local variations. And that is why we Argentinians proudly boast that we can make “the best pizza in the world”, and also paella, bagnacauda, and pasta; but is always “the best in the world” because modesty and discretion are not to be counted among our virtues, and obviously a does not matter if we have not tried the food in other places.
Boasting apart, it is true to say that to eat well and with a variety of dishes in any town in Argentina is not just a matter of chance. Restaurants abound with international menus and also a whole range of gastronomic specialities.
The “Empanada”, a sort of pie, is another national dish, and each province in the north has its own distinctive way of preparing these; and being Argentina, we make “the best Arabic empanadas in the world” in Tucumán, one of the northern provinces –it couldn’t be any other way, could it”.

Estadisticas blog

Descriptive Geography

Argentina shares with Chile the most southerly point on earth, controlling the Drake Passage which links the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
In size, it is the seventh largest country in the world, and the second largest in South America. This vast extent is responsible for one of its most typical characteristic: the tremendous variety and contrast that can be found between one region and another, in terms of climate, scenery and people. There is no exaggeration in the official slogan which calls it “The land of the six continents”. From the dense jungles of the north to the semi-arid steppe of windswept Patagonia or the eternal ice of Antarctica, in the south; from the powerful majesty of the Andean cordillera in the west to the fertile basin of the River Plate and the Atlantic coastline in the east.
The hottest climates are to be found in the subtropical north western and north eastern provinces, characterised by dry and wet seasons; Mediterranean climate in the dry season near the Paraná. The harshest climate in terms of temperature is to be found in the Andean region and in Patagonia, except, of course, for the never-ending polar winter of Antarctica. But in general, its position on the South American continent means that the whole country belongs to a climatic zone that can be described as temperature, or moderate. This is particularly notable in the centre of the country, a vast temperature belt where there is a clear differentiation between the four seasons. Because of its location, the part north of the River Plate is influenced by the winds from the Atlantic, while the southern sector receives the influence of winds from the Pacific, even though the great natural barrier of the Andes has a modifying effect here.
Argentina is bounded to the north by Bolivia and Paraguay, and with this latter country it also shares the strategic north eastern frontier, which follows the rivers Pilcomayo, Paraguay and Paraná. To the east, its borders are with Brazil and Uruguay, before the immensity of the Atlantic Ocean is reached. To the west, the Andes form a natural frontier with Chile.
The relief of Argentina is comparable to that of Africa and Australia, but with the difference that it does not have the deserts that characterize both Africa and Australia. On the contrary, and thanks to the benign influence of the easterly winds, the extraordinary Chaco-Pampas plain has been able to develop with its climate that ranges from subtropical to temperate.
This plain, which is bounded to the east by the basin of the River Plate, is comparable in fertility to the Mississippi plains in North America.
The mountains in the country are relatively young; that they all lie in the western part of the country is explained by the fact that since the Palaeozoic period acrogenic forces have always come from the Pacific, and the uplifting of the Andes had repercussions on the whole of the country, since it completely rejuvenated its soil.
Because of its very special geographical features, Argentina is a country of plains, mountains –the highest peak in the southern hemisphere, Aconcagua (6.959 m) is to be found in the country-, lakes, valleys, beaches, eternal ice, contrast.

Patagonia

Andean Patagonia region

Astonished at the size of the footprints they saw in the snow, the first explorers of Patagonia came to the conclusion that it was inhabited by giants, and so they gave these people the name Patagones, or “Big Feet”. The earliest references to the unnatural size of the Tehuelches and Onas, the original settlers, go back to 1520, when Ferdinand de Magellan sailed down the Puerto Deseado coast and his crew landed at San Julián. It is true that the men they saw where very tall and robust, but in reality they were not all that much bigger than the northern Europeans, it was just that they wrapped their feet in animal skins so that they could walk on the snow. It did not take the astonished Europeans long to realize that it was not only Patagonia’s inhabitants that where large, but also its lakes; and that its coast and steppes were never-ending, its mountain peaks unreachable. And as if all that were not enough, there were also those immense blocks of ice drifting through the water.
And the Patagones, the “Big Feet”, were not the only inhabitants. For there were also hundreds of species of strange mammals, birds and fish that made up an absolutely magnificent ecosystem. Five hundred years on, and despite the irreversible impact of human activities, Patagonia is still today a region that as been barely touched by man. Possibly one of the last refuges of nature on our planet.
The Argentinian portion of Patagonia covers an area of 786,165 km2, and extends from the Atlantic coast to the Andes, an expanse of land that is about the same size as Germany and Spain together. This is 80% of the total area of Patagonia –the remaining 20 per cent belongs to Chile. In all this vast region there are no more than one and a half million inhabitants, distributed through its five provinces: Neuquén, Río Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz, and Tierra del Fuego. It represents one sixth of Argentina, but contains only 3,5% of its population.
Two national routes cross Patagonia.
Route 3 starts out in Buenos Aires, crosses the centre of Buenos Aires province, and then runs almost parallel with the Atlantic coast right down to Lapataia Bay in the Tierra del Fuego National Park, crossing the southern tip of the Andes in the process.
The other is Route 40, which like a real spinal chord joins the northern and southern extremities of Argentina, running parallel with the Andes. If you have enough time –a month would be ideal- and are out to make a detailed study of the region, then you could do worse than go out by Route 3 and return by Route 40 as far as San Martín de los Andes. The distances are immense, and at times the road seems desolate; the wind is strong and there are plenty of rough sections, especially on Route 40. But what you will discover as you will readily agree that no price is too great to pay for such an experience.
Just one little point to illustrate what you will see: merely between San Carlos de Bariloche and San Martín de los Andes there are at least eleven different and important tourist circuits. Between Lanín National Park in Esquel, south west Chubut, there are four national parks, more than a hundred lakes, 6,000 kilometres of rivers, hundreds of streams, mountains, and age-old forest, many of these containing specimens that disappeared long ago from other parts of the world. A staggeringly rich variety if you think that this section is but a tiny part of the vastness of Patagonia.
Here we suggest just a few of the many tours; they are the most important ones, and are based on the idea that people only have a short time available for their travels. It is supposed that in all cases the journey from Buenos Aires to the tourist centres is accomplished by plane.

Andean Patagonia

San Martín de los Andes – Seven Lakes Route
San Carlos de Bariloche

A journey of slightly more than 200 km, through scenery that mere words cannot possibly do justice to. The seven famous lakes –Machónico, hermoso, Falkner, villarino, Correntoso, Espejo, and Nahuel Huapi- are notable for their deep, clear blue water, and the forest display an impressive range of greens.
You follow the rough Route 234 and at its junction with Route 231 it is a good idea to turn off towards Villa Angostura, a beautiful mountain village with good tourist facilities on the north side of Nahuel Huapi Lake. And absolute must here is a trip to the Quetrihué peninsula, for at its southern tip is the Bosque de Arrayanes, a unique forest containing myrtle trees over 1,000 years old. Other placeswell worth a visit in Villa Angostura are El Mesidor, the work of the famous Bustillo, which is a presidential residence that has been visited by numerous world-famous personalities who have visited the country, and Manzano Bay; a former Jesuit rest centre which owes its name to the numerous apple trees (manzanos) planted by the missionaries.
Another possibility when you get to the intersection of Routes 234 and 231 is to take the latter in the opposite direction –westwards- and go round the southern edge of Espejo Lake to El Rincón, where there is an Argentinian customs post before the road climbs to the Puyehue Pass (usable throughout the year, and one of the most accessible passes) and from there crosses into Chile. Route 234 is not surfaced, and so this tour is only advisable in spring, summer, and early autumn.
Although smaller than Bariloche, San Martín de los Andes competes with it in terms of the quality and range of its tourist facilities and the beauty of its scenery.
In spring or summertime, the main attractions are the numerous walks in the village or its surroundings, hoseriding and trips on the lake. But in winter the place turns almost exclusively into a skiing resort. The main centre is at Chapelco, 13 km from San Martín de los Andes it started life very modestly in 1946, but today Chapelco (2,390 m above sea level) can boast 26 excellently maintained slopes, a whole range of first-class facilities for skiers (including a nationally-famous ski school), and ten modern ski lifts with the capacity to transport 11,000 skiers an hour.
Excursions are organized from San Martín to the Lanín National Park, which covers a vast area extending to the Chilean frontier in the west and the Nahuel Huapi national Park in the south. There are 24 lakes in the immediate vicinity of San Martín, and countless paths that invite you to walk through the countryside. The waters of the lake basin in general drain towards the Atlantic, but Lácar is an exception to this, as its waters flow into the Pacific, and because of this it represents the main water supply for the Chocón Cerro Colorado, Piedra del Aguila and Alicurá hydroelectric schemes.
Lanín Volcano (3,774 m) is inactive, but is still dominates the landscape of the park, in which there are there nature reserves. And fishermen, as long as they take note of the times when fishing is prohibited, can catch excellent trout, salmon, and Patagonian mackerel.
Adjoining the park is the small town of Junín de los Andes, connected to san Martín by Route 234, which is paved on this section. From there, numerous trips can be taken to the volcano, and these enable visits to be made to some of the more important lakes, such as Huenchulafquen, Tromen and Paimún.


San Carlos de Bariloche – El Bolsón – Esquel

Bariloche, situated on the south east shore of Nahuel Huapi lake (extensive details can be found in the Destinations chapter of this guide), is a town that is sufficiently attractive to warrant a lengthy stay. The minimum should be four days, but if you decide to stay a couple of weeks, then you can go on a different excursion every day.
Then, after you have decided to stay for ever, it is a good idea to continue your journey in a southerly direction. Route 258 runs alongside lakes Gutiérrez and Mascardi, and at the edge of this latter is the village of the same name, where accommodation can be found, including good camping facilities. Al Pampa del Toro, a 10 km diversion along an unpaved road to lakes Steffen and Martín, in the wildest part of the park, is strongly recommended. When you rejoin the main road you will be at the end of the of the park and entering El Bolsón, the most southerly of the Río Negro district. This means you will have travelled about 130 kilometres. El Bolsón offers the most exquisite harmony between the landscape and human creatuion. Wonderful handicrafts in a spot where twentieth century technology has not yet arrived.
18 km further on along Route 258 you come to Epuyén, and from there another westerly diversion can be made to the lake Puelo National Park, where the lake itself is the major attraction. This is the smallest of the national parks, right on the border which Chile, and covers an area of 27,900 hectares. It has a very special micro-climate which enables vegetables from the Chilean Andean region to be grown, and this is the only place in Argentina where they can be found.
This park is also home to numerous native animals that are in danger of extinction elsewhere, such as the puma or America lion, and the Chilean mountain goat or guemal. Ferrets and other exotic species like the wild boar or the American bison can also be found in the park, and public access to several areas is restricted.
The administrative centre is in the small town of Lago Puelo, 3 km from the park, and which has good communications with neighbouring towns. Some 160 km further south from there along Route 258 is Esquel, the main tourist centre in the province of Chubut.

Esquel

Esquel, stands on the banks of the Esquel River; it is in a beautiful natural setting, framed by the thickly-wooded slopes of La Zeta, El 21, La Cruz and El Nahuelpán hills. Its date of foundation is taken as being that on which the telegraph was officially installed in the former 16th October settlement, out of which the town grew.
Esquel is the main gateway to Los Alerces Park , one of Patagonia’s many wonders. The park’s 24,000 hectares, which come to and end at the Chilean border, are home to numerous authentic natural treasures, and lend themselves to all sorts of different tours. In summer the lakes excursion should not be missed, this starts from Puerto Limonao, crosses the connected lakes of Futaleufquen, Verde, Menéndez and Cisne, and enters the most spectacular part of the park. Here are to be found magnificent larch trees (alerces) approximately 3,000 years old, and which reach heights of up to 70 m.
The main attraction in winter is La Hoya ski centre, 13 km from the town. it has a ski school and slopes to suit all tastes and abilities, with ski lifts that have a capacity of 4,000 people per hour.
A number of interesting day trips can be made from Esquel. One of these is along Route 259 to the pretty town of Trevelín, which in Welsh means “village of the mill”, in memory of the first flour mill to be built in the area.
There then follows, an attractive journey along Route 259 past the Nant Waterfalls and the fish farm to the Futaleufú international pass, which leads to the Chilean village of the same name; its traditional wooden buildings are typical of southern Chile. If you like, you can continue to Chaitén, capital of the Chilean province of Palena, which is 225 km from Esquel on the Pacific Ocean.
Another interesting day trip is to the village of Lago Rosario, which lies on the lake of the same name, and which is renowned for its locally-woven fabrics. From there you continue to Vintter Lake; another good fishing spot where the scenery is wonderful.
For those with a sense of nostalgia there is one trip which is like a journey through time. You have to be ready to sit on wooden seats for a long period, for this is the narrow-gauge (75 cm) rail trip from Esquel to Ingeniero Jacobacci. “La Trochita”, as the locals lovingly call it, is and old train hauled to be declared part of the country’s historical heritage; while it waits to know its fate, it continues to haul passengers twice a week.

The Atlantic Coast

Puerto Madryn – Valdés Península – Rawson
Gaimán – Punta Tombo – Camarones

There are good connections by air between Buenos Aires and both Rawson and Trelew. This tour can start from either of these two towns, preferably by car. Public transport is available, but the possibilities are much more limited.
Puerto Madryn is situated at the mouth of the Chubut River; a few kilometres north of the original Welsh settlement. It is a small but pleasant town with generally good accommodation and services. Its first inhabitants were Welsh settlers who landed on the shores of the New Gulf, fleeing from political persecution in Great Britain.
The coast off Puerto Madryn, in the peaceful waters of new Gulf, is a haven for skin-divers in summer. The water is crystal clear, and the tremendous variety of underwater like can easily be observed on this 400 km wide platform -one of the widest in the world- that runs right down the Atlantic coast.
But Madryn’s major tourist attraction is the Valdés Peninsula, an incredible refuge for sea mammals just 20 km away. It is reached via Route 3 from its junction with provincial Route 2, a road that on the peninsula is unpaved.
Its most famous guest, the enormous, tame, right whales, start to arrive from the south in July. They go there to mate and breed their young. It is wonderful to see these two-ton “babies” frolicking with their mothers as they clumsily learn their lessons. They can be observed by taking a boat trip from Puerto Pirámide. The whales stay until December, with the babies being born between August and October. This is the only place in the world where they can be seen so close to the coast.
Other equally illustrious visitors arrive in early January, the sea lions. Always full of life and always in schools, they can be observed in hard-fought battles to win over the females –nobody has taught them the idea of monogamy- or to mark out the individual territory of each male, all the time performing wonderful pirouettes in the water or showing off their swimming skills.
You should not leave the Valdés Peninsula without looking at the bird life. Bird Island has some exclusive residents; the public are not allowed access, but the birds can still be seen if you have suitable optical equipment. There is an `Interpretation Centre´, and all excursions on the peninsula are accompanied by a wildlife guide. It is best to book these excursions in advance, since the number of tourists allowed onto the peninsula is strictly controlled, in an attempt not to harm its delicate ecosystem.
You will see more sea lions and sea elephants at Punta Loma, 15 km south of Puerto Madryn. And continuing along Route 3, you come to the towns of Rawson and Trelew; lying on opposite banks of the Trelew River; Rawson is the administrative centre for the whole province, and its neighbour Trelew the busiest town in the area, with buildings dating back to the time of the original Welsh settlement and an interesting paleontological Museum.
The Tombo penguin colony is reached via Route 1 (in poor condition) and then a further 24 km along a dirt road. About one million penguins congregate here between September and March; they can be observed from a prudent distance, as they are somewhat timid, but they are very likable.
You continue along Route 1 as far as Camarones, a small fishing village with a fine and almost deserted beach, where even in summer you will almost certainly not be able to go swimming. The water is very cold, but if you are a fishing enthusiast, then you will be able to enjoy yourself. During summer a colony of sea lions can be seen off the beach.

Comodoro Rivadavia – Puerto Deseado
Puerto San Julián

The San Jorge Gulf is like a huge mouth opening onto the Atlantic between the provinces of Chubut and Santa Cruz. There, on the sea but surrounded by arid and monotonous scenery, lies Comodoro Rivadavia Lonely, in the middle of the gulf, and with no major tourist attractions, this is the most important oil city in the country.
If you have come down from the valdés Peninsula, Punta Tombo or Camarones, you will have travelled along Route 3, one of the best sections of which comes after Comodoro Rivadavia, where it runs alongside the gulf. The road turns away from the coast at the small oil town of Caleta Olivia, and continues to Puerto Deseado, another small town lying on the estuary of the same name. Excellent fishing is available there, even for sharks. You will also see beautiful sea birds, including the very strange grey cormorant. The whole area is one of deserted beaches and excellent fishing; most of the coast belongs to great estates and has difficult dirt tracks.
By way of contrast, the section of Route 3 that links Puerto San Julián, Luis Piedrabuena and Puerto Santa Cruz is monotonous and desolate. These three towns are on some of the very few natural harbours in Argentinian Patagonia, lying on estuaries where there is good fishing. The variety of seafood is excellent, (it includes prawns and octopus), as is the range of fish –hake, cod, bream, sole, mackerel and dogfish. You do not need to be a fisherman, for on these beaches where it seems that no human foot has ever trodden before yours, you can pick up the seafood with you’re bare hands and later enjoy cooking it as your fancy takes you. There are no restrictions on fishing along Patagonia’s Atlantic coast. But it is always a good idea to ask in the different villages what the best time to go is, and to fish in the company of experienced fishermen. To reach the two `petrified forest´ in Chubut, you take Route 26 from Comodoro Rivadavia, which is paved for the first 60 km, as far as Colonia Sarmiento. From this tiny village you continue southwards along a dirt road. Nearby are two interesting lakes with good fishing: Musters and Colhué Huapi.
If you rejoin Route 3 and head towards the province of Santa Cruz, you turn off in Puerto Deseado and continue for some 45 km until you come to the Santa Cruz Petrified Forest Nature Reserve.


Río Gallegos – Río Grande – Ushuaia
El Calafate – The Glaciers

Río Gallegos

This is the most southerly mainland town in Argentina, and capital of Santa Cruz province, which is second in size only to Buenos Aires province. Located on the banks of the Gallegos River, it is a good deep-water port, and because of this fact, through it passes much of Patagonia’s important wool production. Basically, a is an industrial town and highly important in the economy of the region, but it has little to attract tourist.
Its international airport has connections with other parts of Patagonia and with Chile, which means it is the starting point for the most interesting tours, especially those to the province’s two national parks: The Glaciers, and Perito Moreno, in the Andes, where some of the most important lakes in Patagonia are also to be found, such as Buenos Aires, Viedma and Argentino.
There are a number of interesting places to visit near Río Gallegos: the impressive Laguna Azul (Blue Lagoon) in the crater of an extinct volcano, which gives you the strange sensation of being in the middle of a lunar landscape; the Penguin Island provincial reserve, and the capes of Buen Tiempo and Vírgenes; where there is a beautiful lighthouse you can see the island of Tierra del Fuego –shared by Argentina and Chile- and you will have come to the tip of the Argentinian mainland. In other words, you will be that little bit nearer to the “end of the World”.
Route 3 continues on the island, still in Argentina, until it comes to and end at Lapataia Bay in the Tierra del Fuego National Park, after passing through Río Grande and Ushuaia. This section is unpaved.
The first town you come to when crossing the island is Río Grande, on the banks of the river of the same name where it flows into the Atlantic, and still in a landscape of steppe with no natural barriers to protect it from the wind. It is the economic capital of the island, rich in oil and gas, and with a lively industrial estate. Despite its industrial features, Río Grande is a welcoming town with good links with Buenos Aires. It is 230 km from Ushuaia.

Ushuaia

Ushuaia is the capital of Argentina’s newest province, Tierra del Fuego; or to give it its official name, Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Isles del Atlántico Sur, a title it has held since 26 April 1990.
It is the only town in Argentina situated on the other side of the Andean range, and along with the small Chilean village of Puerto Williams, is the most southerly in the world. Because of its geographical position, with the Andes to the north, the Beagle Channel to the south, and the Tierra del Fuego National Park to the west. Ushuaia can only grow in an easterly direction. For the same reason, it looks more like something out of a picture than a real town.
The earliest inhabitant, the Yaganes or Onas, had named the bay well: Ushuaia meant “bay which penetrates to the west”.
The first Europeans to visit these coast were Ferdinand de Magellan and his crew, on their famous first circumnavigation of the globe in 1520. For more than ten thousand years before that date, the area had been inhabited by the Yaganes.
The last decade has seen a sort of “new discovery” of Tierra del Fuego, but this time by tourist. Slowly but surely, Ushuaia and Río Grande are leaving behind their image as the Cinderellas of the Country, and are finding a destiny more in line with their tourist potential. Some forty thousand tourists arrive every year, avidly seeking contact with a vegetation that still retains its natural features, to go skiing (the best slopes in the country are to be found there), to sail Tierra del Fuego’s channels, or go on excursions to Cape Horn of Antarctica. In Ushuaia itself, san Martín Street is a busy commercial centre where imported products can be bought.
But Ushuaia much more than just a good shopping centre. You only need to turn your head away from the commercial centre to come face to face with the exciting water of the Beagle Channel, to rejoice in the sight of the ships that have dropped anchor in the port, and remember that your are no more than 500 km away from Antarctica.
Most of the town itself can be visited on foot. You should not miss the Museo del Fin del Mundo (the end of the World Museum), which contains an interesting selection of items relating to the past history of the island, a bird room, and a complete library of books on Patagonian subjects. Another “must” is the End of the World Lighthouse.
Excursions to the park can be by land or sea, or ideally by a combination of the two, since it is best not to miss anything. There is a lot to see: native forests, Laguna Negra (Black Lagoon), the Pipo River; Las Agujas Forest, the Lapataia River –its bay provides one of the best views of the park, and marks the end of Route 3. ask Ushuaia travel agencies about guided walks and horse riding tours of the park.
Ships start from the port for the journey through the channel to Lapataia Bay. And there are other excursions to neighbouring towns in Chile: Puerto Williams, virtually opposite Ushuaia, Porvenir or punta Arenas. You sail through a landscape of fjords that is typical of the Chilean coast. In an easterly direction trips go to the End of the World Lighthouse; to Bird Island, to Martillo Island (for the penguin colony), and to Harberton Bay, which belongs to the Harberton estate; the Harbertons were descendents of Ushuaia pioneer, Thomas Bridges. Another interesting excursion is to Staten Island, also in an easterly direction.
But the real attractions are the Antarctic crises. These can be undertaken in different types of ships, ranging from the extremely luxurious to much more economical options. Either before you leave, or else on board ship, experts give talks on the scientific value of this type of expedition. All these trips take place in spring –from the beginning of October and summer.
You take the same road that brought you the island -Route 3- in order to go back to the mainland. Whichever way you are going, between Río Grande and Ushuaia you should stop to make a trip to Fagnano and Escondido Lakes. The first of these is one of the biggest lakes in Patagonia, and is shared with Chile; on its Argentinian side it covers an area of about 500 km2. By the lake is an inn that should not be missed. A small diversion will take you to the charming village of Tolhuin (it has less than a thousand inhabitants), hidden in the middle of a forest.
Another diversion will take you to Escondido (Hidden) Lake. And it is along Route 3 that Ushuaia’s five ski centres are to be found, including the famous Valley of the Huskies, the only place in all South America where Husky dogs are bred –the ones that pull sledges.
Once you have crossed back from the northern tip of the island, you continue on the mainland along Route 3 to its junction with Route 40 near Río Gallegos and head for el Calafate. This is a 312 km journey, mostly paved. You should stop at the tiny settlement of La Esperanza to stock up on supplies, for after this there is nothing but Patagonian steppe.
Another way of getting from Tierra del Fuego to El Calafate is through Chile, crossing at the island’s only frontier post of San Sebastián, from there you go by boat through the Straits of Magallan (belonging to Chile) and on to Puerto Natales, an attractive town on the Pacific, from where you can continue over El Turbio pass, which is open all year round, to the town of Río Turbio, in Santa Cruz. Back on Argentinian soil once more, the journey continues along the unpaved Route 40 to El Calafate. This route is, of course, much longer, and the various customs inspections can be irritating, but its value lies in that this way you will see something of the Chilean part of Patagonia.
The small village of El Calafate, which as no more than three thousand inhabitants, has good tourist facilities, and is the gateway to The Glaciers National Park. Lying on one shore of Argentino Lake, its hotels and restaurants are adequate, and it also has cheaper accommodation available in family homes adapted as pensions and the like. It even has a couple of discotheques.
El Calafate also has a modest airfield, and light aircraft link it with the provincial capital. Once you are fully relaxed, you have to get ready for one of the most exciting experiences that nature can offer. 60 km from the village the Andes mountains await you, with their colossal icefields. A road runs along the shore of Argentino Lake, which covers an area of 1,415 km2. this divides at Buenos Aires hill, with one road leading to the National Park and the other to Puerto Bandera, where lake excursions start to the Upsula, Onelli, Agassiz and Bolados glaciers.
UNESCO has declared The Glaciers National Park part of the Cultural Heritage of Mankind. It covers an area of six hundred thousand hectares in the Andean zone, and 47 glaciers come down into this Ice Field, the most famous of them being the Perito Moreno. This extends over the southern arm of the lake at an average height of 60 m, and pieces of ice are constantly breaking off its front wall and falling into the empty loneliness that is all around. This glacier also “moves”; every two or three years it advances towards terra firma, a phenomenon which draws thousands of tourists from far and wide. The pressure of the water causes the glacier to split, and enormous blocks of ice begin to drift like ghost ships along the Tempanos Channel; on the days immediately before this magnificent natural spectacle, the waters of the Brazo Rico begin to rise. It is advisable to always travel in this area in the company either of guides or people who know the region well; never try to go off on your own.
If you decide to go on the lake excursion, you will have to get up early: departure time is 7.30, and as they say, “there are no more”. Return is around 6.00 in the evening. But what you will experience during this short period of just under twelve hours is worth any sacrifice. You travel along the northern arm of lake to the Upsala glacier; the biggest of all. There you will see what looks like a giant tongue of ice, 50 km long and 10 km wide, although these measurements are only approximate. It just has to be seen, that’s all! The excursion continues to Onelli Bay; and then by land to the lake of the same name, where there are yet more glaciers: Agassiz, Bolados and Onelli. The return leaves you deeply moved, leads you to reflect on the origins of the universe, of simply leaves you speechless. But nobody can remain indifferent.
The northern tip of the park extends to Viedma Lake, 1,088 km2 in area, where the Viedma and Moyano glaciers can be seen descending into its waters; the road is unpaved and twists around the lake as far as Chaltén, on the western shore, where there is a store offering basic provisions. In the background can be seen two mountains: Torre (3,128 m) and Fitz Roy (3,375 m). Both these peaks have been the goal of numerous mountaineers. Inhospitable, yet with an impressive beauty, this area is ideal for a number of adventure tours that start from El Calafate (see Adventure Tourism chapter).
Viedma lake is 240 km from El Calafate, and in summer a minibus company operates a service between the two places. This is along Route 40, and if you follow this north wards and then turn off onto a dirt road, you come to the Perito Moreno National Park, at the foot of Mount Lorenzo (3,700 m). this park covers an area of 115 thousand hectares and is a wonderful nature reserve set in wild, beautiful scenery. There are no facilities in the park, but a number of campsites and very basic hotels can be found along Route 40. in the surrounding area, well known spots like Bajo Caracoles and the Cueva de las Manos should be visited in the Pinturas River Canyon.

Adventure Tourism

Translated from spanish…

In the mountains and the sierras

In the Esteros del Iberá

In the national parks

In the mountains and the sierras

Argentina shares with Chile the privilege of having some of the highest peaks in America. Most are concentrated in the central mountain range. To the south, and as the environment becomes more humid, the hills are gradually losing altitude. No wonder, then, that these two countries are mecca for climbers from around the world and the greatest heights are naturally the most precious gems. Needless to say this sport is reserved only for experienced climbers, who can not undertake this alone, should have the right equipment and use, more particularly, to reliable sources of information and advice, such as clubs Andean distributed along the Andean provinces. Beyond the purposes of this guide a detailed enumeration of all possibilities of mountain climbing offered by the country given that there is great expertise in Argentina. This text is limited to providing information on some of the most famous climbing, some on hills lower, but easier access to justify the start of this adventure, and some possibilities for trekking in the mountains. For location, taking into account the heights of the Cordillera Central. The king of the Andes is the Aconcagua, in Mendoza (6959 m). Pissis volcanoes (6882 m) and Ojos del Salado (6864 m) will compete for the scepter. The first one shared by the provinces of La Rioja and Catamarca, the second shared by the provinces of Catamarca, in Argentina and Atacama in Chile. I still Mercedario hill in San Juan (6770 m) and Huascaran (6768) in the department of Ancash, Peru. The list of the highest mountains and volcanoes of the Americas continues with a number belonging to or shared with Argentina Chile It is known that the ancient American cultures used to pass the higher elevations. There are numerous testimonials from his tenure in higher summits. Without further anthropological studies, it suffices to mention the discovery (1985) to 5300 m altitude, in one of the slopes of Aconcagua, the body of an indigenous child with clothes and blankets funeral, and next to the wrapper cuerpecito offerings of gold, silver valva and marine shellfish. The ice kept the body intact approximately 500 years. Perhaps in these rituals to the heights that would trace the origins of the human need to defy nature. Perhaps the earliest American men have to lead the list of the first climbers. Climbing Aconcagua is an adventure that many record attempts and also cost many victims. The first ascent to the summit was to Mathias Zurbriggen in 1897. Currently, the Aconcagua Provincial Park receives about 2,000 visitors per year, however not all dare to scale. Most are content with a bit of trekking in the hill more accessible. This activity uses the services of specialized guides are used and two access roads. One Horcones The Gorge, which is reached through Puente del Inca (the valley to reach the regular buses) from Horcones continues to Plaza de Mulas base camp where there is a refuge and the Hotel Plaza mules, which is considered the highest hotel in the world. The other entry is for Cow Creek and from there to Plaza Argentina (to 4200 m), which has a base camp. To enter the park requires a credential that is processed in the de Turismo de Mendoza, and must be displayed to guard all the time required. There are different rates as a foreigner or native, and activity to undertake. Trekking permits are valid for 3 to 15 days. It is forbidden to fire, or cutting firewood outside the camp locations and the waste is deposited only in the locations indicated by the rangers. Besides trekking can do horseback riding. Cerro Fitz Roy (3405 m) in the province of Chubut, always attracted the attention of scouts even though it is not among the highest elevations. Located in a very busy area of Patagonia, north of the enormous Lago Viedma, the system of peaks and needles has never been climbed to their summits. The climate is harsh and its slopes are often rough with gale-force winds and major snow. In the area there are good mountain guide for the conduct of trekking groups. Usually these groups are organized in the summer and starting point, once it is reached there is the tiny village of Chalten, whose population is not a hundred people. The services can be found in Chaltén are regular, there are several inns, but few have central heating. Inside and outside the town there are campgrounds and indeed, in the summer this is the preferred type of accommodation. The base camp is Rio Blanco, where both mountaineers and trekking enthusiasts sometimes need to spend days waiting for the bad weather subsides. It is common to horse and with the necessary provisions, the horses will get some people in the area. The climb begins along a path surrounded by native forests and requires good physical condition. The path is opened and then makes the circuit easier, which leads to Laguna Capri. From there, time help, are some of the most impressive peaks of the complex as Mermoz and Guillaumet needles. To reach the camp you have to cross the river several times via bridges trunk, and sometimes we must vadearlo. In summer, the camp looks like a tower of babel, you can hear any language. From here you can take several circuits of varying degrees of difficulty, but always in the company of experienced people. If you are beginner circuit Laguna Capri is one of the shorter. Another is the gap that leads to the Tower of incredible emerald. Opposite is the silhouette of Cerro Torre complete. There are several more, all of impressive beauty, but none for those who have no experience in the mountains. In the vicinity of the hill Tronador (3478 m) is known as the Pampa Linda, a starting point for hiking and horseback riding excursions. Just 86 km from Bariloche, the first 38 Route 258, paved, the rest by gravel road. There are strict timetables for the ascent and descent, on which must be secured before the trip. There is a tourist complex with restaurants, bars and accommodation and there are excursions to hire half, one and two days. You can reach the source of the River Manso, the snowfields of Tronador or Meiling refuge (2000 m), surrounded by glaciers and Alerce Chestnut Overa. This activity is done only in summer and, like all previous mountain guide. The closure of San Luis in the center of the homonymous province, with the Aconquija in Tucuman, and the Sierra Chica de Córdoba are some of the places where the trekking and horseback riding have become a small adventure to integrate proposals for alternative tourism, ever more frequent and widespread. The advantage of this activity is less risk involved in the high peaks and is also an interesting experience. The central cord of the Sierras de San Luis, with average altitude of just under 200 m, is a good place for trekking without major difficulties. The target area is the Water Hedionda hill (2250 m). The first leg starts in the town Suyuque New to the monastery of the Benedictine nuns. The next section continues until the rock formations known as El Castillo, the road will stumble across valleys to the second height of the hill Retana (2200 m). The more adventurous can attempt the summit, which allows an overview of the whole serrano: east of the string Comechingones; west, just drawn on the horizon, the first foothills of the Precordillera. North of the hill is reached Retana Water Hedionda through its western slopes. These trekking do not require special physical training and its objectives are quite achievable, even for beginners. It is recommended not only to make them without a guide who knows the area properly. Another interesting proposal is the trek which passes through the dense jungle tucumana and rises to the heights of Aconquija. The trails are narrow and closed, because the vegetation is decreasing as it rises. By reaching the 3,000 m there are still quite high pastures that at this point give way to rocks. From 4200 m apart from the spectacular view of the mountain range, discovered the ruins of an Incan people called Pueblo Viejo, a top area attractions. At this point also shows some of the fauna. The best view would require more effort, is the top of the hill Tipillas (5400 m). It is a trek without much difficulty, but requires great physical exertion, lasts between 10 and 12 days and the best time to do so from May to September. During the summer it is not advisable, the rains are very intense. On the way, some of the watercourses that flow through the mountains, you can go fishing for trout.

In the Esteros del Iberá

Located in the heart of the province of Corrientes, these enormous waterlogged soils occupy an estimated area of 23,000 km2, which corresponds to 25% of the total area of the province. Iberá Lagoon, which takes its name throughout the region, 17,000 km2 and is entirely dominates the landscape, characterized by the presence of a flora and fauna of exotic specimens-some endangered, and importance of such diversity that although on a smaller scale, make it comparable to the marshlands of the Brazilian Mato Grosso. After suffering quite predation, the marshes became provincial reserve. Today is one of the circuits of adventure tourism in the country more attractive, ideal for practicing modalities that are known as bird and wildlife watching, photo safaris, horseback riding, canoeing and trekking tours. These excursions should be undertaken in the company of guides who have vast knowledge of the area. Otherwise we must refrain from making, because the adventure can become dramatic for those who come from an urban center. Both in Buenos Aires as the capital Correntina there are travel agents who work these special programs to the area of Ibera. The location for these excursions is Carlos Pellegrini, north of Mercedes and 80 km. the only accommodation in the area provided it stays and its capacity is limited, so it is better to make reservations well in advance and provided by companies authorized by the owners for marketing. At the very expressive Iberá Guaraní language means "shining water". The name can not be more appropriate for this large stretch of water that form a labyrinth of creeks and lakes not connected to any organized hydrographic system therefore does not drain into any of the major rivers crossing the province. The complex ecosystem of Iberá formed on the original bed of the Upper Parana, which across the river Aguapey were fed into the Uruguay River. The Paraná was moving westward, until it took its current course in the latest geological era. Summer and autumn are the seasons of heavy rainfall, with annual average exceeds 1,400 mm. The particular topography of the region and its subtropical climate, which, by the concentration of moisture, the summers are hot sharply, hence the scarcity of established human population. Thus, for decades remained the exclusive hunting ground of the neighboring landowners who ventured to guide baquianos, and also served for the practice of subsistence hunting by some former residents. Poorly explored, with very difficult access, was settled over esteros fantasy reality, and legends that the rich imagery correntino wove them are part of the landscape as much as the beautiful birds and alligators that inhabit them. In the brindle coloring stand clear of vegetation patches of old sand banks that settle in the swamps. There is a predominance of dense vegetation and ceibo ombú; sand banks are also very popular for birds that used to make their nests. The range of biomass, amount of organic life, vegetable and animal-is due in part to the area Ibera is a penetration of the neighboring regions of the jungle missionary and eastern forests of the Chaco. The Timbó also called ear black, has been adapted so well to the region that is considered typical of estuaries. Form small nuclei wild, although lower than in their home-the-jungle missionary because you do not have to compete with other species for sunlight. Another species is unusual among the trees or the Higuerón ibapoy, fruit highly prized by some animals. These are precisely those who are responsible for reproduction to expel the seeds through their feces, often placed in the trunk of a tree healthy and robust. The new Higuerón begins to grow inside her and their extensions intersect with it, strongly embracing its trunk until it almost drowns, hence its name of "strangler tree". On the northwest of the marshlands, an arm of the Gran Chaco brings its own species as' quebracho 'and the red palm caranday. For the southern plants are introduced themselves to a dry area, the Espinal, with copies as' ñandubay '-algarrobo's family and native to the forests of the central Chaco. The ñandubaysales coexist with other species such as the 'guabiyú', the 'Urunday', the 'lapacho black' and 'ambay. The enumeration of tree species would be endless, but not the most important thing to see in the estuaries. Its characteristic vegetation is aquatic. Rushes, cattails and reed introduced its roots to two meters deep in a thicket in the middle of the water plant, one of the reasons why they navigate the marshes is extremely difficult and not recommended for novices. The roots intertwine underwater really floating islands called 'embalsados', which serve as a reservoir of nests and food pantry for fish. It is common that many animals are concentrated near the reservoirs in search of food, to navigate the waters, these islands even carry small animals. One of those who choose this means of transport is the 'chajá', which builds its nest in the reeds and sometimes in the water. Among the many species of aquatic plants, which are the most abundant 'lentil', the 'cabbage water', the 'Camalote' and 'irupé. The latter, with a beautiful flower is the symbol streams. One of the animals that feed on aquatic plants, the 'carpincho' does the same with Camalote and helps monitor progress on water too. It is the world's largest rodent, weighing about 65 kilos and has managed to survive despite the intense persecution that is because it has the ability to submerge and disappear completely from the surface for several hours in case of danger. Aquatic turtle, also skulks through the area of the plant prefers, however, feed on live or dead, and their only predator is the 'alligator', American crocodile, the king of real estuaries. The giant reptile, which reaches more than measuring three meters long, whose existence dates back some 100 million years, live in swamps intertropical and is in serious danger of extinction. Their close relatives, the "alligator Over 'and' black alligator 'also ran the same danger, with great damage to the ecosystem and even to humans. Other endangered species such as the 'jaguar', the 'giant otter', the 'cat Oz', the 'deer' and 'marsh deer', the largest of the deer that inhabit the country, with a unusual eight-pointed antlers, with excellent swimming skills, refugees survive in the Esteros del Iberá and can be seen very rarely. The 'anteater' and 'maned wolf,' and typically Chaco also threatened by the relentless persecution of men, are among the many who have found refuge in their area Ibera. The maned wolf, known as the swamp fox for his great physical resemblance to this animal, has given rise to the popular legend lobizón man in a full moon transforms into a wolf-transposition of European ancient legend. In turn, the bottom of the mats has a rich fish fauna consists of dozens of species, which let the 'gold'. Known as the river tigre, fish this large and beautiful aspect of the dam is more coveted by freshwater fishermen. Voracious, feeding on other fish like 'Shad', the 'mojarra' and 'piranhas' - the most aggressive fish in South America. Already in the area, along with many mammals and birds of the swamps, beautiful storks live there are different varieties, and among the best known 'tuyuyú' with ducks, herons, gulls and flamingos. But besides these beings since more than 10,000 years maintained the delicate balance of an ecosystem irreproducible, appear to be other people in esteros: supernatural beings who, as the locals live. A single day that passes in the Ibera listening to the mysterious stories of the villagers would suffice to convince the most skeptical that he has entered the territory of magic, or would say Corrientes, in the land of the Paye, "which expression Guaraní summarizes the sense of magic, so indecipherable, so fearsome, so fascinating, which is not dependent on the will of men but of forces alien to them.

In the national parks

The reason for including them here as an alternative adventure tourism is that they all can enjoy some of the most widely used of this type of tourism. Some, like Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi and Lanin, have a great tourism infrastructure are easily accessible and highly attended by the traditional tourism. Others, like the National Park Baritú, El Rey or Reserva Natural Laguna de los Pozuelos have little or no infrastructure and are very difficult to access due to ground conditions and / or lack of proper roads. Obviously, is a challenge for ecotourists and are recommended a visit only for those with a special interest in learning about these natural treasures. In any case, the minimum asking its visitors is that they act with greater responsibility and avoid causing any damage by negligence or unscrupulous.

Northeast

Iguazú National Park

Like the Nahuel Huapi, is creation came in 1934, but the decree of foundation dates from 1922. Initiative was the great architect and landscaper Carlos Thays, who had participated in the expeditions of exploration carried out in northern Argentina. Located at the northwest corner of the province of Misiones, at the confluence of the Parana and Iguazu rivers and in the tripartite boundary zone between Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil. It has an area of 55,000 hectares, within which are the magnificent waterfalls of Iguazú. Along with the glaciers, this collection of more than 250 jumps of over 70 m high monument is perhaps the greatest natural treasures Argentina. Inside the park there are services for tourists, including an international class hotel, roads, bridges to jump from a spot close by, an information center and a museum of local fauna. The picturesque circuit paths below to see about the vast variety of plants, butterflies and small insects that live in the jungle missionary. Ferns, orchids and begonias put together with a myriad of colorful butterflies an even more amazing to note this landscape full of life. In the park you can hire canoes to carry the traveler from Puerto Canoas to the famous Devil's Throat, a spectacular gorge where the water is' Cases' mobile walls forming 150 m wide and 700 long, which serve as the border with Brazil . The complete and intense of the park requires at least a full day to do so at a pace more rested, and if it takes time for the inevitable photographs, not less than two days. The town serves as a seat Puerto Iguazú, where you can find nice hostels, in many cases served by its owners, and some hotels. Is well equipped and also has restaurants of international cuisine. Like the rest of the province, is populated mostly by descendants of Central European immigrants who have left their mark on the cuisine and the architectural features of their simple but comfortable house. The current landscape is the result of a series of processes that began some 200 million years, characterized by effusions of lava that gave rise to thick cover of basalt, the largest on the planet. Cataracts are much younger, it is estimated to have formed about 200 thousand years ago, as a result of erosion of the river rocks on the water falls on the different levels formed by the erosive process in the different structures of basalt. The jumps are huge arc-shaped or of different height, and fall on the Paraná originate a thunderous noise that is heard for miles around Aryans and the considerable height makes the water to get to the bottom, gives the illusion optical "vanish" in a multitude of bright points that lead to dramatic rainbow can be seen. Spectacular, the falls are, however, the only attraction of the park. More than 2,000 plant species and 400 bird species account for the enormous wealth amassed jungle missionary, ostensibly in the park. Defined by subtropical botanical pluriselva integrates Paraná phytogeographic province, part of the great southern Brazilian jungle. Originally the province of Misiones was occupied by this forest, characterized by the presence of giants between 20 and 30 m in height that are truly "green roofs" and are home to many epiphytic plants that grow from their trunks and branches forming a Plant impenetrable network from the ground to the highest heights. Intensive logging practiced in this province since the beginning of the century eliminated vast areas of valuable timber, while others were burned to plant pine trees. What has been preserved in the park, but fortunately is not the only thing left for the province is from this diversity that makes it absolutely unique within the country and South America, although it is home to species common across the boundaries, introducing themselves as the forest formations basement, the laurel forest of the jungle and mirtácea.

Chaco National Park

It was created in 1954 during the heyday of logging in a few years that has devastated the rich chaqueño Mt. Located in the province of Chaco, about 12 km from the provincial capital. Is not very large (15,000 acres) but has the house all the environments of the Chaco plains. This extends from the mountains of southern Bolivia Subandean beyond the rivers Paraná and Paraguay. The park has several distinct environments: jungle riverbank, mount strong dominant legendary quebracho-colorado, palm savannah with caranday, estuaries and marshes that provide habitat for many species of waterbirds. The rich fauna of the eastern Chaco also lives in the park, which houses still seriously endangered species as the 'puma' and 'cat'. Although weak, there are services in the park, including campgrounds, health and self circuits. Like its neighbor, Pilcomayo, the landscape is not spectacular, but can be monotonous. Its real treasure is the fauna and the plain presented and is ideal for those who visit a real love nature and are capable of understanding the delicate balance. Of course, as in all the parks in the northeast and northwest regions, it is not advisable to visit in the summer because high temperatures and insects can turn the ride suffering.

Pilcomayo National Park

Located in the northwest of the province of Formosa, on the south bank of the River Pilcomayo. It has 60,000 hectares, with a predominance of savannah and palm esteros white or caranday. On the coast in a dense gallery forest, and land a little higher with pockets of mountain species in the Chaco plains, phytogeographic province in which it is Formosa. Abundant wildlife and Formosa is one of the provinces sought by sport hunters. Hunting is prohibited in the park and in the national reserves, but not elsewhere in the province, with permission and respect the terms. The 'jaguar', the 'cat ounce' and 'tatú cart', still, very occasionally, can be sighted in the park, have been pursued to exterminate it is currently completely prohibited hunting.

El Palmar National Park

Located in the province of Entre Rios, between Route 14 and the Uruguay River, has an area of 8,500 hectares. It was created in 1966 to protect the only family of palms' Yatay 'that exists in the temperate zone of the plain chacopampeana. It has a campsite, an interpretation of nature and a restaurant. However, you should consult on these services, since they are not available throughout the year. It takes half a day to tour the park, which has beautiful corners and is surrounded by a large number of natural streams and the typical formation of gallery forests near the rivers. Recommended birding and wildlife, although the latter carries some difficulties and require a further stay. The trips depart from the traditional cities of Colón and Concordia, equidistant from the park, and where is good to find out about walks linked to ecotourism.

Northwest

Calilegua National Park

Is at the foot of the close of Calilegua, department of Ledesma, Jujuy Province. Although about 100 km far from San Salvador de Jujuy, the provincial capital, and its steep topography makes it extremely difficult to access, which is grounded. For the same reason, its flora and fauna characteristic of the subtropical highlands have remained in a state of great purity. The predominant species of Yunga to a height of 450 meters above sea level, it happens in the rainforest after the mountain and 1800 meters, forests, culminating in the peak heights of the mountains with an alpine meadow type. The succession of environments is one of the most notable features of this park is an area of approximately 76,000 hectares. It was created in 1974 to protect the rich biodiversity, which has virtually no known human modification. It is the last refuge of two native species already extinct: the 'jaguar' and 'lazy'. In the park there are no facilities.

El Rey National Park

In the province of Salta, 80 km from the capital. It was created in 1947 and covers an area of 44,162 hectares. It is the only one of the three acceptable infrastructure. Abundant species in the Chaco region and the forest of Tucumán. Nogales, timber giant cedars and put a note in this jungle of spectacular height.

Baritú National Park

In the far northwestern province of Salta, 70 km from Oran. It is a magnificent example of the species of fauna and flora of the Yungas. Of great beauty and variety, their access is extremely difficult and, curiously, can only be done from Bolivia. Created in 1974, with 72,000 hectares, has no infrastructure for tourism. Is limited by the hills and the Black Pavas. Topography of hills bristling has not yet led to a full recount of its avifauna. It is assumed that there can still be found 'lazy', 'porcupines' and disappeared until the' bear goggles'.

Center

Lihué Calel National Park

Located in the heart of the province of La Pampa, on the edge of the provincial route 152 that splicing to the national route 22, connecting the provincial capital, Santa Rosa, with the city of Neuquen, is a paved road, rather transit, and access to the park is easy. It has an area of 10,000 hectares and a project expansion. The park lies at the foot of the mountain of the same name and is an important example of the flora of the steppe bordering the Pampas plains, wildlife preserves some native birds and offers good fishing opportunities in the nearby lagoons. We need to identify the periods of fishing if you want to get good copies of silverside freshwater catfish and tarariras. You can also see some rock paintings.

Patagonia

Laguna Blanca National Park

In the province of Neuquén, 30 km from the city of Zapala, a major industrial center in the region. It has 8200 hectares. The population characteristics are 'black-necked swans,' for whose protection the park was created in 1945. is accessed by dirt road and offers special interest for bird watching.

Lanin National Park

Located in the province of Neuquen, with an area of 198,000 hectares, 184,000 are for the other three nature reserves that are adjacent to the park, extends over the Andes, and is chaired by the Lanin volcano (3,776 m), now extinct. Accessed from the cities of Junín de los Andes, alumina or Saint Martin de los Andes. Its creation is simultaneous to that of the national parks: Alerces glaciers and, in 1937. It houses a rich pine forest and fauna. It has beautiful scenery and is perfect for the practice of trekking. There are numerous species of birds to see: great white heron, zorzal Patagonian Patagonian parrot, chucaos, fio-fio, and condor, among others. It is a refuge for several endangered species such as pudu, huiña cat, puma or potrillero huemul. It is not easy to view your comment and you need experts who understand the place. Hunting is strictly prohibited, although in the park there are hunting seasons for two species: the red deer and wild boar. You must find out the suitable season for this sport, as for sport fishing, and the vast network lacustrine lakes -24 Total all originated in the glacier-rich Patagonian silverside, and several specimens of the family of salmonids, in addition to the trout. Huenchulafquen is its largest lake, connected on its west by Lake Paimún. Within the park are available for fishing trips on the lakes, as well as fishing trips in summer seasons, spring and early autumn. There are camping and lodge within the park and is ideal stay there several days and travel for the most part.

Los Arrayanes National Park

South of the province of Neuquen, in the area of the Nahuel Huapi National Park, on the peninsula Quetrihué, is the only forest myrtles is in the world. This little gem is only 1,000 km in length, and access to it, just walk from Villa La Angostura, no you can camp there or perform any sporting activity except walking and only in permitted areas. Walking on a path established to know about these specimens tree whose height exceeds 18 m, some specimens reaching up to 25-m feature quite unusual since the myrtles are shrubs reaching heights up to 8 m grow lonely, never in forest. Its thin bark of a cinnamon color sensitivity is apparent in thin plates that are scattered on the floor giving a very special place. The average age of these trees is about 300 years, and together with some typical of the Andean region and very threatened, and as cohiue raulí. It is a national park since 1980.

Nahuel Huapi National Park

It is the largest and oldest building of the Republic of Argentina. It covers 420,000 hectares and is shared by the provinces of Neuquen and Rio Black. Among the many rivers and lakes that are home to the magnificent Nahuel Huapi (564 km2), which gives it its name. At certain times of the year, the Hua Hum River is suitable for rafting without major difficulties. Apart from the traditional tours in the park, there is some perfect for lovers of a more participatory tourism. Horseback riding, lake expeditions, trekking, wildlife watching, photo safaris and rafting in the river Limay are activities that can carry those seeking a greater share of tourism and commitment to the landscape, without neglecting the activities of trekking and climbing hills, the latter are not always suitable for people without experience, but the other, with a little enthusiasm and the essential good company of guides, they are accessible even to those who engage in this type of adventure. In certain areas of the park, and under very strict conditions, is allowed to hunt deer and wild boar, you need to find out the permitted time of year and what are the general conditions.

Puelo Lake National Park

It occupies 23,700 hectares in the northwestern province of Chubut, on the Andes. It is accessible from Lake Puelo, where does the administrative center of the park. Is 20 km from the town of El Bolson Rio Negro, about 120 km to 160 km from Bariloche and Esquel. With these two cities are connected by regular bus route and in good condition. They shape their environment hills Needles, Cuevas, Esperanza, Platform and Three Peaks, which give beauty to the landscape. Within the park there are good services for visitors and it is possible to camp. Presents a special microclimate that permits the development of species not common to other Andean-Patagonian parks. Among its exotic formations are hazel, and the ticket ulmo, trees of great beauty. It also good training for the typical flora of the Andes Mountains Coihues, thorns and blue myrtles. Plants such as blackberries and rosehips, from Europe and introduced artificially, have been developed extensively in the park moving forward on large surfaces. It was created in 1970 to protect a remarkable ecosystem that, in terms of fauna, endangered species like the puma, which once let in all the forests and mountains of the country and now has reduced to a few areas; huemul, the cat and the fox took refuge in Lake Puelo. With the company duly authorized guides, visitors can venture into the park to observe these species. Also with the permission with strict regulations and you can practice sport fishing in the lake, which abounds in native and introduced species. As in other parks in the region are advised summer seasons, spring and early autumn.

Los Alerces National Park

It covers some 240,000 hectares on the mountain range of the Chubut province, about 100 km north of Esquel, the largest city in the area, which serves as a park. Anyway, inside the park there are good services that include various types of lodging-inns, cottages, camping. Should be consulted before going, because it is open all year. The park begins at the height of Lake Rivadavia. It is advisable to visit in summer to make trips on the lakes lake chains, which lead through beautiful scenery to the ancient forest of larch which distinguishes it from other parks on both sides of the ridge. Trekking trips can last all day and take different paths, each with a special attraction. You can find waterfalls, cave paintings, native species of flora, the Cinco Saltos, among many other attractions. A Futalaufquen Lake, the largest lake system which houses the park, there is an interpretation of nature with thorough information on all aspects of the park. The area surrounding the park has the advantage that it is still very little frequented by mass tourism, despite its meager infrastructure should seek advice and adventures of gravel roads to visit one of the prettiest areas of the Patagonian Andes.

Perito Moreno National Park

It is one of the country's oldest park, created in 1937 to protect the rich flora and fauna which houses Patagonian Andes, where forests are lenga. It has 115,000 hectares spread northwest of Santa Cruz province, at the foot of San Lorenzo hill (3706 m) It is a place of rugged beauty, without any infrastructure, the only shelter it provides some stays in the vicinity where you can also request information about camping areas. Everything here is solitude and beauty. There are several lakes which can be reached only on foot or horseback. If it passes with caution and avoid frightening the animals, it is possible to observe several species that are difficult to see in other areas, so do birds, there are cave paintings, several waterfalls and glaciers.

Los Glaciares National Park

Also in the province of Santa Cruz but to the southwest, this park of 600,000 hectares of continental ice was declared a World Natural Heritage by UNESCO. Created in 1945, houses the most spectacular glaciers, among which are the famous Moreno and Upsala. The town serves as a base is the Calafate. One form of adventure tourism that has become increasingly popular in the area of glaciers on trekkng. Has some risks but it is fascinating. Clamp used to snag the shoes, and under the watchful eye of the guides, after a bit of practice, and is able to walk on the glacier. Before sailing on Lake Argentino in a rubber raft for about 20 minutes. Contrary to what might assume, and that seems the most daunting landscape, this trek does not require much experience or physical condition. Just follow the directions of the guides and have a great desire to do it. Of course there are programs much more complex than trekking trips include skiing and last two to three days, but only for people with very good preparation and experience in the mountains.

Tierra del Fuego National Park

It occupies the southwestern tip of Tierra del Fuego on the Beagle Channel and the border with Chile, covers 63,000 hectares. It was created in 1960. its interesting flora includes only 6 species: lenga Guindos, ñires Notre, cinnamon and wood hard.